Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid
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- Create Date：2022-04-17 09:21:42
- Update Date：2025-09-07
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- Author：Douglas R. Hofstadter
- ISBN：B09XJFS2FH
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Reviews
RSerenka
，
I’ve read this book three times。 I still have no idea what it’s about。 But it is marvelous and makes you think， but to no real end， really， in the end。
Nick
，
It's a hard slog！However， worth the read for anyone interested in mathematics， logic， reasoning， patterns and aesthetics。 Some of it is light hearted， a story told from the perspective and interactions of a handful of anthropomorphised animals。 Hofstadter uses these creatures to introduce his topics which are then expanded upon in great technical detail。 It's a hard slog！However， worth the read for anyone interested in mathematics， logic， reasoning， patterns and aesthetics。 Some of it is light hearted， a story told from the perspective and interactions of a handful of anthropomorphised animals。 Hofstadter uses these creatures to introduce his topics which are then expanded upon in great technical detail。 。。。more
Matt
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In the running for best book I’ve ever read。 Not at all easy though。
DOOM
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From the vault of James O。 Incandenza。The Balkanization of Disciplinary Fields Via Academic Fiat and Truncated Lifespans。 Year of the Eric Clipperton Action Figure With Frighteningly Realistic Gun Shot Mediated Demapping Accessories。 Post-irony-sincerity （Stephen Fry; voiced by Stephen Fry; appearing as Stephen Fry） claymation superimposed on background of ubiquitous irony， represented by （Aleister Crowley; voiced by Ozzy Osborne; as vast as the horizon and undergoing various geometrical manipul From the vault of James O。 Incandenza。The Balkanization of Disciplinary Fields Via Academic Fiat and Truncated Lifespans。 Year of the Eric Clipperton Action Figure With Frighteningly Realistic Gun Shot Mediated Demapping Accessories。 Post-irony-sincerity （Stephen Fry; voiced by Stephen Fry; appearing as Stephen Fry） claymation superimposed on background of ubiquitous irony， represented by （Aleister Crowley; voiced by Ozzy Osborne; as vast as the horizon and undergoing various geometrical manipulations along median， saggital， coronal， and transverse planes w/r/t the emergence of childlike sincerity w/ narration by Thulsa Doom （James Earl Jones; voiced by James Earl Jones with disruptively pregnant pauses and gravid affect leading viewers to suspect solar plexical gong ringing induced dyspnea for reasons inscrutable but nonetheless deeply concerning; 8。5”x11 Dora The Explorer Maximum Security Journal， variously inscribed by scintillating buffet of crayola and mashed potato cuneiform。Entry One; “Over the blackly implacable telos of nature’s flawed unfolding”Diplomatic relations between *redacted* and Reality have pretty much broken down。 The bromides which compose my therapist’s lingua franca， while never palliative， at least tokened my smug regard as necessary professional fluff， no more。 I now find each instance （i。e why should you be an expert on Meteorology？ It takes time to become even conversant in complex fields。 It’s not even your primary field of study。 Even the smartest people are ignorant of 99。9% （some fiendish repeating decimal） of all human knowledge） akin to being struck in the pelvic bone by， （i。e。 directly on edge， that is， pierced in the pubis by a steeple of heavy-duty paper based product of great thickness and superior durability to that of average paper products） by a box of envelopes。 A perfect hatchet toss。 I’m paying 90 bucks an hour to be told that constructing a vast and polymathic intellect capable of keeping up with any conceivable cocktail digression is difficult？ No shit， Richard！ It is then that I always imagine reaching over the Modern & Affordable IKEA landfill he calls an office。 Reaching over to seize him by the cravat， dislocating my jaws and slowly pillowing his baldpate with the moist tissues of my mouth， with my oral mucosa expanding all around his face like pink， glistening airbags， undulating like a python working a gazelle deep into its bowels。 A giant condom with teeth unrolling down the shaft of an enormous zucchini。 It’s only after I’ve engulfed him up to the shoulders that he begins the terrified murmurings of Jonah into the strobe of my obstructed glottis as it closes and opens upon him like puzzled elevator doors。 The upper esophageal sphincter parts to accept his eulogy， the sounds spiraling down my gullet and striking the waiting marsh of digestive enzymes， producing strange acoustics as broken prayers and uxorious prattle discloses itself involuntarily。 Suction being insufficient to draw up his entire being， with a mighty effort I lift him parallel to the ground， then tip my head backwards until his legs are bicycling against the ceiling as gravity forces him deeper into this hell。 I walk out of his office shockingly distended。 Satiated and sleepy。But I have procured a book which will ameliorate these serpentine tensions。 It covers such a range of topics that I’ll always be poised （in conversation） to spring （with unnerving bellicosity） into the most esoteric of discussions。 Like Gödel’s monstrous progeny （Gödel’s incompleteness theorem） this universal acid （i。e the theorem） which can’t be contained （i。e will prove corrosive to whatever container it is placed inside）， I will dissolve the foundational axioms of any system with a viciousness which will prove my own self negation。 I consumed the entire text （i。e waterlogged its bulk within my shower over the course of a day， rendering a slurry of bloated pulp stripped with diluted ink and bits of toxic adhesives， which I ate/drank in order to become enlightened， and， it must be said， gastrointestinally distressed to the point of requiring emergency irrigation。） and had to be shuttled to the hospital forthwith。 I lay in bed delirious and sympathetic to Odin having thrown himself on Gungnir （i。e his spear） in the name of wisdom。 I will observe any changes in my cognition over the following days， provided the gastric lavage has quelled my garrulous stomach。Entry Two; “Dita Von Teese in Voluptuous Recumbency an Infinite Recursion of Pulchritude。”I now see the metafictions which form the connective tissues of my life。 Homologies and Isomorphisms are ubiquitous in the deep physical principles of reality which in turn are reflected in these infinite record players and sassy crustaceans。 When this struck me， （after the residual contents of my stomach were propelled several feet away from me）， I couldn’t help but think of what I would do with my favorite Dita poster when I got home。 I would use a simple camera and a mirror to produce an infinite hallway of my couchant goddess soaping her cleavage with a giant foam olive。 Which would assist me in reaching such lofty conceptual heights that I would gaze into this non-terminating martini of morphean passivity and minister sapphically unto it thus; ME: “Empress， how might I know everything？ How can I surmount this logical problem whose circumference will continue expanding as each solution discloses further inconsistencies？”DITA: “MIU， PQ， TNT， Typogenetics， B/F/Gloop。 I am a Strange Loop。”ME: “You are a Strange Loop。”DITA: “J。S。 Bach’s endlessly rising canon。 A cauldron of book soup。 I am a Strange Loop。”ME: “You are a Strange Loop。”DITA: “Logic。 Art。 Human thought。 Here’s the scoop; You are a Strange Loop。”ME: “I am a Strange Loop。”Unfortunately， I’m still not out of the woods。 The doctor seemed rather confused when I explained to him the logic of my feast。 He was especially concerned that I had used an entire jar of vanilla scented bath salts in the tub that would become my cooking vessel。 He said I was lucky to be alive， to which I snidely replied; “Luck is for the ill prepared。”—The tree image！ This brilliant depiction of incompleteness， consisting of metaphors on top of metaphors， ostensibly trees， but also clearly denoting the dendritic profusions sprouting from the stalks of axons like broccoli inside the brains of we observing this clever illustration。 Within one image， the fractal nature of the Coastal Paradox （i。e the coastline of any landmass has no well defined length on this level of analysis）， the self similarities of nature’s designs， （i。e recursive growth） the white tree’s twin， a stalk of black with tributary voids subject to patterned outflows （i。e Bifurcation。 Trifurcation。 Tetrafurcation。 Pentafurcation） like morphological variations in the branching pattern of the coronary arteries which enervate the human heart， symbolizing that which is true yet will not submit to formal rules of inference。 The fuzzy boundaries between truth and falsehood， never resolved despite attempts at magnification， like the Mandelbrot Set， exhibiting an elaborate and infinitely complicated boundary。My epitaph reads; "Of what wouldst thou ask me？Why temptest thou me？Odin！ I know all，where thou thine eye didst sinkin the pure well of Mim。"Mim drinks from mead each mornfrom Valfather’s pledge。”And below， in fine script;“I would eat it again。” 。。。more
Bob Williams
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I read this book in 1980-81 during a two year break after my undergrad freshman year。 When I returned to college， I switched from chemistry to a math major and a year later to philosophy。 This book changed the course of my life in many ways。 I no longer agree with Hofstadter on some of his conclusions but， without this book I wouldn't have even known a bunch of the questions to form opinions about。 I read this book in 1980-81 during a two year break after my undergrad freshman year。 When I returned to college， I switched from chemistry to a math major and a year later to philosophy。 This book changed the course of my life in many ways。 I no longer agree with Hofstadter on some of his conclusions but， without this book I wouldn't have even known a bunch of the questions to form opinions about。 。。。more
James
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What a journey。 This book took me months to read。 More than a single thesis （or the intuition I think Hofstadter was trying to convey）， I primarily took away a set of new interests in some of the fields this book deals with， which is a fantastic outcome for a book I decided to read mostly as a challenge。 I'm fascinated by the emergence of the human mind and how the multiple levels involved interact， the axiomatic basis of logic， how we can store and transmit meaning， what meaning even is， lingui What a journey。 This book took me months to read。 More than a single thesis （or the intuition I think Hofstadter was trying to convey）， I primarily took away a set of new interests in some of the fields this book deals with， which is a fantastic outcome for a book I decided to read mostly as a challenge。 I'm fascinated by the emergence of the human mind and how the multiple levels involved interact， the axiomatic basis of logic， how we can store and transmit meaning， what meaning even is， linguistics and language， and complex and chaotic systems。 Hoftstader's writing style is wonderfully playful and self-referential， but can at times be confusing。 In a word， this book is a journey。 。。。more
Dani
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Nem kevés szellemi befektetést igénylő mestermunka a mesterséges intelligencia kifejleszthetőségéről， a rekurzivitás rejtelmeiről és a matematika határairól。
Michael Flores
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Quite a challenging and worthwhile read。 I learned a lot about logic and the ideas computer science has espoused in its attempt to evolve artificial intelligence。 I think the real gift from reading this book is learning more about human intelligence from this erudite study of computer intelligence。 The gem for me: the idea that human intelligence is human because it is incomplete。 To be incomplete is to be human。
Brendan Norris
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I totally understood everything in this very long book
Htom_sirveaux
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DNF。 Three times。
Kaelyn
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Wonderful book！ Loved the plot twists and turns。 Its a deep and sorrow filled book but the ending definitely makes it worth it。
Tony Coan
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This is a difficult book to get through， and isn't meant to be read quickly。 I can't explain it。 It explores the idea of 'form'， through the works of those mentioned in the title， and through ideas like Zeno's Paradox， Zen Koans， and interactive puzzles that helped define how a formal system arises。'Form' defined by Google: "the visible shape or configuration of something" / "a particular way in which a thing exists or appears; a manifestation。" This is a difficult book to get through， and isn't meant to be read quickly。 I can't explain it。 It explores the idea of 'form'， through the works of those mentioned in the title， and through ideas like Zeno's Paradox， Zen Koans， and interactive puzzles that helped define how a formal system arises。'Form' defined by Google: "the visible shape or configuration of something" / "a particular way in which a thing exists or appears; a manifestation。" 。。。more
Molly Turner
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amazing book！ i wish i had more background in logic， coding， and number theory though。 i am a musician and composer and enjoyed a great deal of this book， particularly the “musical interludes” he write between chapters。 the latter half of the book and its extensive portion on godel’s theorem and typographical number theory was a little arduous and i wish he talked more about music。 overall， a must read for those interested in semantics， AI， logic， consciousness， and its relationship with art and amazing book！ i wish i had more background in logic， coding， and number theory though。 i am a musician and composer and enjoyed a great deal of this book， particularly the “musical interludes” he write between chapters。 the latter half of the book and its extensive portion on godel’s theorem and typographical number theory was a little arduous and i wish he talked more about music。 overall， a must read for those interested in semantics， AI， logic， consciousness， and its relationship with art and music。 it’s really hard to describe what this book is “about” and i think it’s by design as well as its most attractive attribute。 。。。more
Ani
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Despite sort of wanting to dislike it and find it pretentious and condescending， I am forced to admit this is somewhat of a masterpiece of philosophy and logic。 It is incredibly vast and ambitious， and really makes you feel like one of those mysterious people who call themselves "thinkers"。 It is so labyrinthine that I find it failing to convince as a compact theory。 I believe it got most of its fame from the parts about AI， a field which has obviously expanded massively since the book was writt Despite sort of wanting to dislike it and find it pretentious and condescending， I am forced to admit this is somewhat of a masterpiece of philosophy and logic。 It is incredibly vast and ambitious， and really makes you feel like one of those mysterious people who call themselves "thinkers"。 It is so labyrinthine that I find it failing to convince as a compact theory。 I believe it got most of its fame from the parts about AI， a field which has obviously expanded massively since the book was written。 I found myself drawing most from the discussions about language processing systems， which is closely related to my personal field of study。 I also enjoyed the chapter on molecular biology， which really helped solidify the logic of the first chapters for me。Hofstadter does indeed go to great lengths to explain what you could call mathematical logic in various ways， which makes the book incredibly readable。 It is not a maths book， and anyone interested in Gödel primarily is probably best reading his theory directly。 His thoroughness is also the main shortfall of the book， as the core theory of it could really be compacted quite a bit。 I know many people really enjoy the Carroll-inspired dialogues before each chapter， but I actually found myself enjoying those bits the least and waiting to get back into the meat of it。 With all that being said， I think people are wrong when they say this book can only be enjoyed by the select few who are willing to torture themselves for 700 pages of stuff that they mostly will not understand。 Most people probably will not understand everything here， I definitely didn't， but it is one of those books that leaves its stamp on your brain， possibly forever。 Now what could be better than that？ 。。。more
Richard
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Long and dense collection of loosely organized thoughts around self-reference， Gödel's Incompleteness Theorem， and sentience and intelligence。 Covers a wide breadth of topics in this 700 page tome。 I would recommend reading only select chapters that are of interest to you。 Long and dense collection of loosely organized thoughts around self-reference， Gödel's Incompleteness Theorem， and sentience and intelligence。 Covers a wide breadth of topics in this 700 page tome。 I would recommend reading only select chapters that are of interest to you。 。。。more
Sean Huntley
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If you care about general artificial intelligence this book proposes fantastic ideas and asks many fascinating questions。 Not for the feint of heart， it reads like a fun textbook。
Emanuele Parrinello
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Bach is my favorite composer。 I like Escher。 I'm deeply interested in logic。 Given these premises， it seems this book was written for me。Sadly， I've been pretty disappointed。 While I appreciated the idea， I found it poorly executed。 Hundreds and hundreds of pages， rambling over topics like DNA， software stacks， without any declarative statement， make the book unreadable。And finally， it neither goes in-depth with the main theme， which is: like the complexity of math leads to self-references that Bach is my favorite composer。 I like Escher。 I'm deeply interested in logic。 Given these premises， it seems this book was written for me。Sadly， I've been pretty disappointed。 While I appreciated the idea， I found it poorly executed。 Hundreds and hundreds of pages， rambling over topics like DNA， software stacks， without any declarative statement， make the book unreadable。And finally， it neither goes in-depth with the main theme， which is: like the complexity of math leads to self-references that cannot be solved at the same logical level of definition （Gödel Theorem）， the complexity of brain mechanisms lead to similar paradoxes that give birth to the psychological self。 。。。more
David Steele
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I should have finished this book before I started it*。 That way I would have known Hofstadter’s Law in advance: It always takes longer than you expect， even when you take into account Hofstadter's Law Much of the fabric of this book relies on the logic and paradox of self-reference， which is ironic， as an early example of this concept is presented in the form of Zeno’s Paradox （This rather cunning mental exercise explains that， the closer you are to the end of something， the further away that end I should have finished this book before I started it*。 That way I would have known Hofstadter’s Law in advance: It always takes longer than you expect， even when you take into account Hofstadter's Law Much of the fabric of this book relies on the logic and paradox of self-reference， which is ironic， as an early example of this concept is presented in the form of Zeno’s Paradox （This rather cunning mental exercise explains that， the closer you are to the end of something， the further away that end seems to get）。 This is precisely analogous to my experience of reading this book。I’ve owned GEB since 1988， or thereabouts。 At the time， I got it for the pictures。 Since then， it’s sat on my bookshelf through military service， a marriage， children being born， growing up and leaving home， several other careers and （in the wider world） some quite breathtaking advances in computer science and DNA manipulation。 Finally taking the book off the shelf and completing it feels like a milestone event for me。 On a personal level， I’m delighted to have managed to read every line， worked through every puzzle and forced myself to properly understand each concept before moving on to the next （Much of that progress made possible through related YouTube videos）。You could argue that this was never going to be an easy read for me， since I have the mathematical ability of the average tree frog。 But actually， very little of this book needed “real” mathematics。 Even the most bewildering sections of TNT （Typographical Number Theory） amounted to little more than detailed and symbolic grammar structures which could be “decoded” as English， rather than maths。There’s lots to like in this book。 Not least at times when the author clearly lays out concepts such as fractal geometry and Mandelbrot-style recursion， a clear decade before the concept went mainstream。 There are some truly fascinating glimpses into the early stages of computer programming， explaining decision gates and looping matrixes that seem so much easier to understand now that coding extends to much of our lives and we’ve spent so much time living with our “smart” devices。It also makes sense to compare so much of the mathematical / self referential mechanics to the splendid art of Escher， but personally speaking， I would have liked much more Escher and far less Gödel and Bach。There’s an enlightening section in this book which looks at the coding of DNA and explains that you can’t point to any of those chemical compounds， or to the firing of synaptic nerves and identify self-awareness， any more than you can look at a single ant to explain the complex workings of an ant hill。 And yet， as Hofstadter explains， here we are。But still - only three stars。 For all its cleverness， its pioneering concepts， its neat wordplay and light-hearted digression， I can’t help but feel relieved for having finally made it to the end。 I remain utterly unmoved by Bach （no matter how clever he is） and find dialogues which are based on his fugues almost as tedious as the music。I suspect that if this text had been half as long， I would have enjoyed it twice as much。 Although that probably says more about my attention span than it does about the book。*Deliberately circular comment for Gödel and Escher fans。 。。。more
Vincenzo Fiorentino
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Rarely I Create Explicit Reviews， Comments Aren't Refined （Very Frequently）。 Rarely I Create Explicit Reviews， Comments Aren't Refined （Very Frequently）。 。。。more
Mike Fowler
，
I have heard that this book is an inspiration for many who have entered the field of AI research， indeed Melanie Mitchell states as such in her book Artificial Intelligence: A Guide for Thinking Humans。 Despite being 42 years old， this is still very relevant as it explores the boundaries of the completeness of formal systems and the layering of symbols and meaning。The structure is unusual in that every chapter is preceeded by a dialogue that is itself based on a Bach fugue。 The form of the dialo I have heard that this book is an inspiration for many who have entered the field of AI research， indeed Melanie Mitchell states as such in her book Artificial Intelligence: A Guide for Thinking Humans。 Despite being 42 years old， this is still very relevant as it explores the boundaries of the completeness of formal systems and the layering of symbols and meaning。The structure is unusual in that every chapter is preceeded by a dialogue that is itself based on a Bach fugue。 The form of the dialogue and the content feature in the chapter and usually there is much more than meets the eye。 In manys ways the entirety of the book is a long metaphor with many layers to teased apart。Perhaps the greatest lesson is learning about Godel's Incompleteness Theorem without having a deep understanding of the underlying mathematics。 A formal system cannot be complete， an artificial intelligence needs to be more than a formal system， so how to you move between the layers of intepretation of letters， words and sentences？ This remains the open challenge of AI。 。。。more
Daeonic
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Una puta locura de libro， una experiencia muy chula y estimulante
Keerthi
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This review has been hidden because it contains spoilers。 To view it， click here。 this book would make perfect sense to people who want to become mathematicians， artists， musicians， computer scientists， physicists， biologists， chemists， historians， and award-winning writers， all simultaneously :）was a veryy trippyyy read and took me ages to complete。
Dibya Prakash
，
A must read for anyone interested in the fundamental limits of our ability to understand the world around us。 Some parts required re-reading again and again to fully grasp the hidden meanings。 This book is centered around Godel's incompleteness theorem and how it relates to many parts of our life and beyond。 What was striking to me was that such fundamental laws of nature have been rediscovered many times independently of each other and as early as the the Greek and Buddhist teachings。 And not j A must read for anyone interested in the fundamental limits of our ability to understand the world around us。 Some parts required re-reading again and again to fully grasp the hidden meanings。 This book is centered around Godel's incompleteness theorem and how it relates to many parts of our life and beyond。 What was striking to me was that such fundamental laws of nature have been rediscovered many times independently of each other and as early as the the Greek and Buddhist teachings。 And not just in logic， but in music and art as well。 Godel formalized those abstract ideas and put an end to half-a-century's worth of attempt by many mathematicians to prove the contrary。 If you enjoy reading about Turing's halting problem， Russell's paradox， and all those strange but mind-blowing concepts， then you would absolutely enjoy this book。 。。。more
Jack Caulfield
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Fantastically engaging book that's pretty difficult to summarize。 Hofstadter is， in a very roundabout way， making an argument about how intelligence arises out of the hyper-complex interaction of nonintelligent things （e。g。 neurons）。 The book gets into some difficult territory， but the author's boundless enthusiasm and inventive approach to his subject make it into a weird sort of page-turner。 As the title suggests， he intertwines ideas and analogies from music， art， mathematics， literature， for Fantastically engaging book that's pretty difficult to summarize。 Hofstadter is， in a very roundabout way， making an argument about how intelligence arises out of the hyper-complex interaction of nonintelligent things （e。g。 neurons）。 The book gets into some difficult territory， but the author's boundless enthusiasm and inventive approach to his subject make it into a weird sort of page-turner。 As the title suggests， he intertwines ideas and analogies from music， art， mathematics， literature， formal logic， Zen Buddhism， programming， and countless other fields。 He gets you to play with the systems involved and test your understanding of them with little puzzles; some of these did get beyond my understanding （or my patience）， while others were more intuitively appealing。 The dialogues that punctuate the chapters， presenting the book's ideas in a comic， self-referential way， may be the most enjoyable parts。 But it's all great: fascinating and enlightening ideas presented in a totally singular way。 。。。more
L
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I am not going to write a full review of this book。 I first read it years ago， about when it came out。 It's an extraordinarily creative work。 It was my first introduction to many things that have since become central to my thinking， such as Cantor's Diagonal Theorem。 It was a step on my journey to becoming a mathematician。 I am not going to write a full review of this book。 I first read it years ago， about when it came out。 It's an extraordinarily creative work。 It was my first introduction to many things that have since become central to my thinking， such as Cantor's Diagonal Theorem。 It was a step on my journey to becoming a mathematician。 。。。more
dipshit
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i feel smart and entitled after finishing this
Murderdeath
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"Yields falsehood when preceded by its quotation" yields falsehood when preceded by its quotation。 -Quine's paradoxHow do you know that you are not an entity in a computer program？ More importantly， are you even capable of "stepping outside" of your own system in order to answer that question？ The mind， an epiphenomenon emerging from a tangled hierarchy of self modifying and self referential systems abstractly encoded in the binary information of its neuronal substrate， is by the power of its o "Yields falsehood when preceded by its quotation" yields falsehood when preceded by its quotation。 -Quine's paradoxHow do you know that you are not an entity in a computer program？ More importantly， are you even capable of "stepping outside" of your own system in order to answer that question？ The mind， an epiphenomenon emerging from a tangled hierarchy of self modifying and self referential systems abstractly encoded in the binary information of its neuronal substrate， is by the power of its own logic incomplete。 I think， therefore there is a truth which I cannot know。In detailing a most compelling take on the nature of intelligence， the author brings together concepts from far reaching disciplines， a decision which serves to illustrate that the principles presented are of universal importance。 As many reviewers have noted， it is certainly a long， challenging book， but the most dense sections are interwoven with airier metaphorical passages， which serve as a cognitive reprieve and a preview of concepts to come。 I have an undergraduate degree in computer science， so before reading this book I was already acquainted with formal systems and Gödel's Incompleteness Theorem。 Therefore I think this was a less challenging read for me than it would have been for someone without this prior context。 Additionally， I share the author's view of "mind as machine"， so reading this book served mostly to confirm my biases， albeit in a more rigorous and organized way than I could ever dream of doing myself。 I believe this philosophical alignment aided in my enjoyment of the book， and I cannot say it would be the same experience for someone who is a "soulist" or views the mind as a thing extending to a realm beyond the physical。With this said， I would absolutely recommend this book to anyone who is interested in mathematics， logic， and computer science。 I would also recommend it to adventurous and determined readers who perhaps do not have a background in mathematics but are willing to put in the effort to understand the concepts presented in the book。 It is ultimately an incredibly enriching and rewarding read， if you care to consider deeply the importance of self reference as it relates to the evolution of consciousness。As a side note， this book is a perfect companion to Rainer Werner Fassbinder's TV series 'World on a Wire'， which I'm told is an adaptation of Daniel F。 Galouye's novel Simulacron-3。 。。。more
Lukáš Urban
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Beautiful。
Daniel
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RICERCAR
Alex
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